Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 86
Filter
1.
Educ. med. super ; 37(1)mar. 2023. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1514074

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Como formas de posgrado se encuentran la especialidad y el doctorado, donde se desarrollan habilidades investigativas que no se enfocan siempre en dar continuidad al proceso. En la actualidad se precisa de propuestas que permitan alcanzar ambas categorías de forma paralela. Objetivo: Presentar una propuesta para la formación co-doctoral del profesional de las ciencias médicas. Posicionamiento de los autores: La propuesta se sustenta en un diplomado contentivo de 12 cursos, que tienen el taller como forma fundamental de organización de la enseñanza. Incluye cursos relacionados directamente con la gestión de la información científica, la redacción académica de textos científicos, la metodología de la información, entre otras temáticas para desarrollar habilidades docente investigativas en función del grado científico. El desarrollo de este se realizará de forma paralela a la especialización, por lo que requiere de la coordinación directa con los diferentes comités académicos de las especialidades. Conclusiones: Esta actividad de superación profesional, llevada a cabo junto con las contenidas en la especialidad, permitirá desarrollar habilidades docente-investigativas en el residente, para lograr un impacto significativo en sostenibilidad del claustro de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba (AU)


Introduction: Specialty and doctoral programs are forms of postgraduate studies, in which research skills are developed but not always focused on providing continuity to the process. At present, proposals are needed to achieve both categories in parallel. Objective: To present a proposal for the co-doctoral training of medical sciences professionals. Authors' position: The proposal is based on a diploma program containing twelve courses, with the workshop as the fundamental form of teaching organization. It includes courses directly related to scientific information management, academic writing of scientific texts, information methodology, among other topics for developing teaching and research skills according to the scientific degree. This program will be developed in parallel with the specialization; therefore; it requires direct coordination with the different academic boards of the specialties. Conclusions: This professional upgrading activity, carried out together with those already part of the specialty, will allow the development of teaching-research skills in the resident, thus achieving a significant impact on the sustainability of the faculty of Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Professional Competence , Teaching/education , Faculty/education , Mentoring/methods
2.
Educ. med. super ; 36(3)jul.-set. 2022. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1439994

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Las estrategias didácticas son el conjunto de procedimientos, apoyados en técnicas de enseñanza, que tienen como finalidad conducir a buen término la acción didáctica. Objetivo: Proponer una estrategia didáctica para el perfeccionamiento del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de los contenidos relacionados con la violencia para la formación del especialista en medicina general integral. Métodos: La investigación se desarrolló durante 2020. Tuvo un enfoque general dialéctico-materialista, lo que permitió utilizar, de forma combinada, los métodos teóricos: análisis documental, sistematización, sistémico-estructural funcional, modelación; y empíricos: observación y entrevista. Para el diseño se consideraron las necesidades de aprendizaje de dichos especialistas sobre violencia, sus competencias específicas para brindar atención a las víctimas y las teorías del aprendizaje de tipo constructivista. Resultados: Se propuso una estrategia didáctica con una estructura en correspondencia con los fundamentos asumidos y enfocada en activar los procesos cognitivos necesarios para contribuir al perfeccionamiento del proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje de los contenidos relacionados con la violencia, en la formación del especialista de medicina general integral. Conclusiones: La estrategia didáctica propuesta está dirigida al perfeccionamiento del proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje de los contenidos vinculados a la violencia, lo que se traduce en el mejoramiento del desempeño del especialista de medicina general integral para la prevención, detección precoz, evaluación e intervención en los casos de agresión, en las dimensiones cognitiva, procedimental y axiológica, al incorporársele nuevos elementos, con un enfoque bio-psico-socio-familiar(AU)


Introduction: Didactic strategies are the set of procedures, supported by teaching techniques, which aim to lead the didactic action to a successful conclusion. Objective: To propose a didactic strategy for the improvement of the teaching-learning process with respect to the contents related to violence, for the training of the family medicine specialist. Methods: The research was carried out during 2020. It had a general dialectical-materialistic approach, which allowed using, in a combined way, the theoretical methods (documentary analysis, systematization, the functional systemic-structural method, modeling), as well as empirical methods (observation and interview). For the design, the learning needs of these specialists regarding violence were considered, together with their specific competences to provide care to victims and constructivist learning theories. Results: A didactic strategy was proposed with a structure in correspondence with the assumed fundamentals and focused on activating the necessary cognitive processes to contribute to the improvement of the teaching-learning process of the contents related to violence, as part of the training of the family medicine specialist. Conclusions: The proposed didactic strategy is aimed at improving the teaching-learning process with respect to contents related to violence, which is translated into the improvement of the performance of the family medicine specialist for the prevention, early screening, assessment and intervention in cases of aggression, in the cognitive, procedural and axiological dimensions, by incorporating new elements, with a biopsychosocial-familial approach(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Teaching/education , Health Strategies , Knowledge , Mentoring/methods , Learning , Violence/prevention & control , General Practice/education
3.
Rev. habanera cienc. méd ; 21(2)abr. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1409472

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La formación profesional sigue siendo uno de los factores críticos al momento de analizar la relación entre calidad de la educación y el desempeño profesional de los maestros, las prácticas preprofesionales son un eslabón fundamental en dicha relación. Objetivo: Analizar cómo se lleva a cabo el proceso de gestión y desarrollo de las prácticas preprofesionales por las instituciones educativas y con ello se constate la posibilidad de existencia o no de algún modelo que establezca la especificidad de tan relevante actividad. Material y Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda documental/bibliográfica en relación con nuestra variable de estudio "prácticas preprofesionales" de un total de 70 artículos, pertenecientes a las bases de datos: Scopus, Scielo, Dialnet y ERIHPLUS, que fueron analizados de manera inductiva, tras la aplicación de los criterios de inclusión y exclusión se abordó el estudio con de 26. Resultados: Se establece una descripción de datos de revistas indexadas donde se explican las principales características de las prácticas preprofesionales en el ámbito educativo general y en la Educación Médica superior, desde la concepción, organización hasta su evaluación. Se explica el papel generador de esta importante actividad en el proceso de formación de los futuros profesionales; así como de sus falencias y limitaciones. Cuestión que urge resolver por parte de las instituciones de educación superior con la consecuente y necesaria creación de modelos administrativos que pauten tan loable tarea. Conclusiones: La educación médica debe replantearse nuevas formas de enseñanza aprendizaje que mejoren el desarrollo del internado rotativo, una pandemia lo ha evidenciado. No constatamos modelos administrativos, gerenciales, entre otros, únicos que reúnan los criterios para ejecutar tan valioso programa o que pauten dicha actividad(AU)


Introduction : Professional training continues to be one of the critical factors for the analysis of the relationship between the quality of education and the teachers' professional performance, including pre-professional practices as an essential link in this relationship. Objective : To analyze how the process of management and development of pre-professional practices is carried out by educational institutions in an attempt to prove the possibility of the existence of a model that establishes the specificity of such relevant activity. Material and Methods : A bibliographic and documentary search that included "pre-professional practices" as our study variable was carried out on 70 articles belonging to Scopus, Scielo, Dialnet and ERIHPLUS databases. All the articles were inductively analyzed. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the study was undertaken to address the topic in a total of 26 articles. Results : A description of data is established among indexed journals that explain the main characteristics of pre-professional practices in the general educational field and the higher medical education which go from their conception and organization until their evaluation. The generating role of this important activity in the training process of future professionals, as well as its shortcomings and limitations are explained. This is an urgent issue to be solved by the centers of higher education with the consequent and necessary creation of administrative models aimed at guiding such a praiseworthy task. Conclusions : The medical education should consider new forms of teaching and learning aimed at improving the rotating internship, which has been evidenced during the course of the pandemic. Administrative, management, unique models, as well as others that meet the criteria to implement such a valuable program or guide the above-mentioned activity have not been observed in our analysis(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Mentoring/methods
4.
Educ. med. super ; 36(1)mar. 2022. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1404524

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La pandemia COVID-19, causada por el virus SARS-CoV-2, y su exponencial crecimiento y migración a todos los continentes del globo terráqueo, provocaron una parálisis en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en las instituciones que no contaban con infraestructura en línea para el desarrollo de las actividades docentes de manera virtual. Objetivo: Exponer los retos, las soluciones y los aprendizajes que formaron parte del proceso para preservar las discusiones de casos clínicos en grupos pequeños de estudiantes durante las fases de cuarentena obligatoria de la pandemia en Sudáfrica. Métodos: Se aplicaron las fases de la investigación-acción adaptadas a las prácticas educacionales. En su ejecución participaron los 103 estudiantes del segundo año del grado de bachiller en Medicina y Cirugía, y sus 10 tutores. El módulo de Neurociencias fue el contexto educativo en el período comprendido entre abril y julio de 2020. Resultados: Se crearon chats de comunicación entre los actores del proceso. El módulo se prolongó en duración, y flexibilizó la frecuencia y el horario de las tutorías. Se redujo el número de secciones a develar de los casos y en cada una se introdujeron tareas que guiaron a aplicar contenidos derivados de los objetivos de aprendizaje. Se escogió la aplicación WhatsApp como la plataforma donde se realizarían las sesiones de tutoría. Conclusiones: El desplazamiento del aprendizaje colaborativo de las tutorías a la aplicación WhatsApp convirtió a esta plataforma en un aula virtual accesible en áreas de pobre conectividad. Los reajustes en la extensión y duración de los casos, y las nuevas tareas en sus secciones, se adaptaron a un proceso de asimilación más lento y con más opciones de mediación. Múltiples y variados resultaron los aprendizajes para los actores del proceso; vale destacar el humano y el tecnológico.


ABSTRACT Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, as well as its exponential growth and migration to all continents of the globe, caused a paralysis in the teaching-learning process in institutions that did not have online infrastructure for the development of virtual teaching activities. Objective: To expose the challenges, solutions and learning that were part of the process for preserving clinical case discussions in small groups of students during the mandatory quarantine phases of the pandemic in South Africa. Methods: Action research phases adapted to educational practices were applied. All 103 second-year Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery students and their ten tutors participated in its execution. The Neurosciences module was the educational context in the period from April to July 2020. Results: Communication chats were created between the actors of the process. The module was extended in length, and the frequency and schedule of tutoring sessions was made more flexible. The number of sections to be unveiled from the cases was reduced; each section included guiding tasks for applying contents derived from the learning objectives. The WhatsApp application was chosen as the platform where the tutoring sessions would take place. Conclusions: The shift of collaborative learning from tutorials to the WhatsApp application turned this platform into a virtual classroom accessible in areas of poor connectivity. The length readjustments in the cases, as well as the new tasks in their sections, were adapted to a slower assimilation process and with more mediation options. There were multiple and varied learning experiences for the actors in the process; it is worth highlighting the human and technological aspects.


Subject(s)
Humans , Cell Phone , Internet Access , Learning , Education, Distance/methods , Pandemics/prevention & control , Mentoring/methods
5.
Invest. educ. enferm ; 40(1): 171-182, 01/03/2022. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1370372

ABSTRACT

Objective. To determine the effect of multimedia training on pain intensity and depression in patients with chronic low back pain. Methods. In this randomized controlled trial study, the intervention group was trained about pain management consisted of communication skills, assertiveness, stress management, lifestyle enhancement skills and physical activity prepared in seven CDs using multimedia method and the control group received routine training included physician's visits, medication prescriptions and receiving the recommendations of the physician and healthcare providers. Beck Depression Inventory and Jensen Pain Questionnaire were completed for the two groups in three stages: pre-training, post-training and 2 months thereafter. Results. The results showed that there were no significant statistical difference between two groups in terms of demographic variables indicated homogeneity of research groups. Repeated measure ANOVA showed that the mean scores of pain intensity and depression changed significantly over time in both control and intervention groups (p<0.001); however, the effect of the group was not significant (p=0.565, p=0.748, respectively). Hence, the results of time-group interaction showed that there was significant difference between the two groups in terms of pain intensity and depression (p<0.001, p=0.003, respectively). The effect size revealed that the difference between mean scores of depression before and after the intervention in the both group was high (1.04 and 1.45, respectively). Conclusion. The study results indicated that multimedia training has the potential in relieving pain intensity and depression in patients with non-specific chronic low back pain.


Objetivo. Determinar el efecto del entrenamiento con multimedia sobre la intensidad del dolor y la depresión en pacientes con lumbalgia crónica. Métodos. Ensayo clínico controlado y aleatorizado: el grupo de intervención recibió educación sobre el manejo del dolor consistente en unos temas (habilidades de comunicación, asertividad, manejo del estrés, habilidades para mejorar el estilo de vida y actividad física) disponibles en siete CD mediante el método multimedia; y el grupo de control recibió la educación rutinaria brindada durante las visitas al médico, consistente en la prescripción de medicamentos y la recepción de las recomendaciones del médico y de otros profesionales sanitarios. El Inventario de Depresión de Beck y el Cuestionario de Dolor de Jensen se aplicaron a los dos grupos en tres momentos: antes del entrenamiento, después del entrenamiento y dos meses después de acabar la intervención. Resultados. El ANOVA de medidas repetidas mostró que las puntuaciones medias de la intensidad del dolor y de la depresión cambiaron significativamente a lo largo del tiempo tanto en el grupo de control como en el de intervención (p<0.001); sin embargo, el efecto del grupo no fue significativo (p=0.565, p=0.748, respectivamente). Por lo tanto, los resultados de la interacción tiempo-grupo mostraron que sí había una diferencia significativa entre los dos grupos en cuanto a la intensidad del dolor y la depresión (p<0.001, p=0.003, respectivamente). El tamaño del efecto reveló que la diferencia entre las puntuaciones medias de depresión antes y después de la intervención en ambos grupos era alta (1.04 y 1.45, respectivamente). Conclusión. Los resultados del estudio indicaron que el entrenamiento multimedia tiene potencial para aliviar la intensidad del dolor y la depresión en pacientes con lumbalgia crónica inespecífica.


Objetivo. Determinar o efeito do treinamento com multimídia sobre a intensidade da dor e a depressão em pacientes com lombalgia crónica. Métodos. Ensaio clínico controlado e aleatório, o grupo de intervenção recebeu educação sobre o manejo da dor consistente nuns temas (habilidades de comunicação, assertividade, manejo do estresse, habilidades para melhorar o estilo de vida e atividade física) disponíveis em sete CD mediante o método multimídia; e o grupo de controle recebeu a educação rotineira brindada durante as visitas ao médico, consistente na prescrição de medicamentos e a recepção das recomendações do médico e de outros profissionais sanitários. O Inventário de Depressão de Beck e o Questionário de Dor de Jensen se aplicaram aos dois grupos em três momentos: antes do treinamento, depois do treinamento e dois meses depois de acabar a intervenção. Resultados. O ANOVA de medidas repetidas mostrou que as pontuações médias da intensidade da dor e da depressão mudaram significativamente ao longo do tempo tanto no grupo de controle como no de intervenção (p<0.001); porém, o efeito do grupo não foi significativo (p=0.565, p=0.748, respectivamente). Por tanto, os resultados da interação tempo-grupo mostraram que se havia uma diferença significativa entre os dois grupos enquanto à intensidade da dor e a depressão (p<0.001, p=0.003, respectivamente). O tamanho do efeito revelou que a diferença entre as pontuações médias de depressão antes e depois da intervenção em ambos os grupos era alta (1.04 e 1.45, respectivamente). Conclusão. Os resultados do estudo indicaram que o treinamento multimídia tem potencial para aliviar a intensidade da dor e a depressão em pacientes com lombalgia crónica inespecífica


Subject(s)
Low Back Pain , Depression , Pain Management , Mentoring/methods
6.
Brasília; Brasil. Ministério da Saúde; 2022.
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS, ColecionaSUS | ID: biblio-1391349

ABSTRACT

Nesta unidade apresentaremos a Educação a Distância (EAD), os Ambientes Virtuais de Aprendizagem (AVAs), o trabalho do Tutor Virtual e suas competências. Leia com atenção os conceitos que estão sendo trabalhados nesse módulo, pois eles serão fundamentais para o bom entendimento sobre o trabalho desenvolvido pelo tutor virtual.


Subject(s)
Epidemiology/education , Education, Distance/methods , Education, Public Health Professional , Professional Training , Mentoring/methods , Brazil
7.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1384323

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN: El objetivo de esta revisión fue conocer la influencia del entrenamiento muscular inspiratorio (EMI) sobre la capacidad aeróbica y la fuerza muscular inspiratoria (FMI) en pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca (IC). Realizamos una revisión de revisiones sistemáticas en PubMed y Web of Science hasta agosto de 2019. Se identificaron un total de 2053 artículos, de los cuales 4 se seleccionaron para esta revisión. Se utilizó la herramienta 'Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews 2' (AMSTAR-2) para evaluar la calidad de los estudios. En los estudios incluidos se examinaron un total de 10 intervenciones diferentes con 250 pacientes (rango edad media= 53-76 años). Todos los estudios presentaron nivel de confianza alto (AMSTAR-2). El EMI presentó mejoras significativas sobre la capacidad aeróbica (test de la marcha de 6 minutos: 46.66-71.04 metros; p<0.05 y VO2pico: 2.59-2.65 mL/kg-1/min-1; p<0.01) y la FMI (presión inspiratoria máxima: 16.57-23.36 cmH2O, p<0.05) en comparación al grupo control. Programas de intervención de EMI con una duración de 12 semanas reportaron mayores mejorías sobre la capacidad aeróbica y la FMI en comparación a programas de intervención de menor duración. El EMI es un tratamiento importante y necesario en la rehabilitación cardíaca de pacientes con IC. Son necesarios más estudios que analicen los efectos de diferentes rangos en las características del EMI.


ABSTRACT: The aim of this review was to understand the influence of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) on aerobic capacity and inspiratory muscle strength (IMS) in patients with heart failure (HF). We conducted a review of systematic reviews in PubMed and Web of Science up to August 2019. A total of 2053 articles were identified, of which 4 were selected for this review. The 'Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews 2' (AMSTAR-2) tool was used to assess the quality of the studies. In the included studies, a total of 10 different interventions with 250 patients (mean age range = 53-76 years) were examined. All the studies presented high confidence level (AMSTAR-2). IMT showed significant improvements in aerobic capacity (6-minute walk test: 46.66-71.04 meters; p<0.05 and VO2peak: 2.59-2.65 mL/kg-1/min-1; p<0.01) and IMS (maximal inspiratory pressure: 16.57-23.36 cmH2O, p<0.05) in this population compared to the control group and IMF in this population. IMT intervention programs lasting 12 weeks reported greater improvements in aerobic capacity and IMS compared to shorter intervention programs. IMT is an important and necessary treatment in cardiac rehabilitation of patients with HF. More studies are needed to analyze the effects of different ranges of the IMT characteristics.


Subject(s)
Humans , Breathing Exercises/methods , Mentoring/methods , Heart Failure/complications , Speed Meters , Muscle Strength , Cardiac Rehabilitation
8.
J. Phys. Educ. (Maringá) ; 33: e3332, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1385988

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT This study aimed to verify the effect of exercise recovery time on the affective responses during a circuit training in physical education classes. Forty-six apparently healthy young adolescents (twenty-one girls) (12.85 ± 0.94 years; 49.7 ± 8.93 kg; 1.59 ± 0.08 cm; 19.51 ± 3.28 kg/m2) participated in this study. Were submitted participants for two physical education classes, based on circuited model of the same intensity, but with different recovery times (2 min and 1 min). The study was carried out in two phases: baseline and intervention. Affect, Arousal, and Ratings of Perceived Exertion data were analyzed using paired t-tests, considering a significance level of p < 0.05. The class with longer rest time (2 min) provided greater affection (t(45) = 3.586; p < 0,001) and less perceived effort (t(45) = 2.295; p = 0,026). The intensity manipulation strategy was effective in providing different affective responses, in which classes perceived as more intense, resulting in the decline of affect.


RESUMO O objetivo do estudo foi verificar o efeito do tempo de recuperação do exercício nas respostas afetivas durante um treinamento em circuito nas aulas de educação física. Quarenta e seis jovens adolescentes aparentemente saudáveis (vinte e uma meninas), com (12.85 ± 0.94 anos; 49.7 ± 8.93 kg; 1.59 ± 0.08 cm; 19.51 ± 3.28 kg/m2), participaram do estudo. Os participantes foram submetidos a duas aulas de educação física escolar, baseados em modelo de circuitos de mesma intensidade, porém com tempos de recuperação diferentes (2 min e 1 min). O estudo foi realizado em duas fases: base e intervenção. Os dados de Afeto, Ativação e Percepção Subjetiva do Esforço, foram analisados através de testes t pareados, considerando um nível de significância de p < 0,05. A aula com maior tempo de descanso (2 min) proporcionou maior afeto (t(45) = 3.586; p < 0,001) e menor esforço percebido (t(45) = 2.295; p = 0,026). A estratégia de manipulação da intensidade foi efetiva para proporcionar respostas afetivas diferentes, em que a aula percebida como mais intensa resultou no declínio do afeto.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Physical Education and Training/methods , Exercise , Circuit-Based Exercise/methods , High-Intensity Interval Training , Teaching/standards , Faculty/education , Mentoring/methods
9.
J. Phys. Educ. (Maringá) ; 33: e3323, 2022. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1385991

ABSTRACT

RESUMO O objetivo do estudo foi analisar o contexto de atuação profissional de uma treinadora de surfe da cidade de Florianópolis, Santa Catarina. Adotaram-se procedimentos de pesquisa qualitativa e estudo de caso, por meio da combinação de técnicas de observação participante e entrevista semiestruturada. Foi utilizada a técnica de Análise Temática para a análise dos dados. Verificou-se que o contexto de atuação profissional da treinadora investigada compreende um sistema amplo e complexo, marcado pela sua participação em diversas atividades e interações sociais, com o envolvimento pleno em seu local de atuação profissional. A intervenção pedagógica da treinadora para o ensino/treino do surfe é condicionado pela sazonalidade, pelas condições do ambiente de prática desta modalidade, assim como pelo tipo de orientação esportiva, com o propósito pessoal de transmitir o seu estilo de vida ligado ao surfe.


ABSTRACT The purpose of the study was to analyze the context of professional work performance of a surf coach from Florianópolis city, Santa Catarina. Qualitative research and case study procedures were adopted conbining participant observation and semi-structured interviews. Thematic Analysis was used for data analysis. It was verified that the coach's context of professional work performance comprises a broad and complex system, marked by her participation in various activities and social interactions, with full participation in her place of professional work. The coach's pedagogical intervention for teaching/coaching surfing is conditioned by seasonality, the environmental conditions to practice this sport, and the focus of sports instruction. Essentialy, the coach's personal goal is to share her surfing lifestyle.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Sports , Work Performance/education , Mentoring/methods , Teaching/education , Case Reports , Early Intervention, Educational/methods , Qualitative Research , Athletes/education , Water Sports/education
10.
J. Phys. Educ. (Maringá) ; 33: e3338, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1385996

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT The production of literature with intervention programs was analyzed, applied to team sports. The databases consulted on the subject, in the last 20 years, were the Web of Science, Scielo and PubMed. The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) guidelines were used with the keywords: team sports and team sports games, associated with the terms: teaching models, sports teaching, teaching-learning-training, pedagogical intervention, tactical-technical performance and cognitive processes, in Portuguese, English and Spanish. After screening with defined criteria, 39 manuscripts were selected to compose the sample. The descriptive analysis showed that the years 2016 and 2018 presented a higher number of publications (17.95% each year); the English language most used in publications (69.24%); football and basketball have comprised the highest number of studies (25.64% and 17.95%, respectively); the teaching programs spanned between 5 and 54 class sessions; the sample of studies with schoolchildren was the most chosen (64.1%); most teaching programs focused on tactics; and the main variables analyzed were tactical knowledge, tactical-technical performance and specific skills. In the production of literature analyzed, there was a tendency in the last 10 years to apply sports teaching programs with tactical approaches and also change and/or add content to these programs, in order to enhance the development of students/athletes. These changes leave open reflections on possible changes in teacher guidance in the praxis in teaching-learning of team sports.


RESUMO Analisou-se a produção da literatura com programas de intervenção, aplicados aos esportes coletivos. As bases de dados consultadas quanto ao tema, nos últimos 20 anos, foram o Web of Science, Scielo e PubMed. Utilizou-se as diretrizes PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) com as palavras-chave: jogo coletivo e jogos esportivos coletivos, associados aos termos: modelos de ensino, ensino do esporte, ensino-aprendizagem-treinamento, intervenção pedagógica, desempenho tático-técnico e processos cognitivos, nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol. Após triagem com critérios definidos, 39 manuscritos foram selecionados para compor a amostra. A análise descritiva apontou que os anos de 2016 e 2018 apresentou maior quantitativo de publicações (17,95% cada ano); a língua inglesa a mais utilizada nas publicações (69,24%); as modalidades futebol e basquetebol compreenderam o maior número de trabalhos (25,64% e 17,95%, respectivamente); os programas de ensino abrangeram entre 5 e 54 sessões de aula; a amostra dos estudos com escolares foi a mais eleita (64,1%); a maioria dos programas de ensino centrou-se na tática; e as principais variáveis analisadas foram conhecimentos táticos, desempenho tático-técnico e habilidades específicas. Na produção de literatura analisada observou-se uma tendência nos últimos 10 anos à aplicação de programas de ensino dos esportes com abordagens táticas e ainda alterar e/ou agregar conteúdos a esses modelos, com o intuito de potencializar o desenvolvimento de alunos/atletas. Essas mudanças deixam abertas as reflexões sobre possíveis alterações de orientação docente na práxis no ensino-aprendizagem dos esportes coletivos.


Subject(s)
Athletic Performance/education , Team Sports , Soccer/education , Sports/education , Students , Teaching/education , Basketball/education , Early Intervention, Educational/methods , Athletes , Mentoring/methods , Systematic Reviews as Topic , Learning
11.
J. Phys. Educ. (Maringá) ; 33: e3327, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1385997

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT The low fundamental movement skills, physical activity and enjoyment students in the COVID-19 era are gaps in this study. This study aims to examine the effects of exergame on fundamental movement skills, physical activity and enjoyment in among inactive students during the COVID-19 era. Quantitative research with experimental methods was used in this study. There were 26 children allocated to the exergame group (n=13; age: 7.20±1.30 years; height: 1.38±2.38 cm; weight: 31.60±4.50 kg and a control group n=13; age: 7.40±1.14 years; height: 1.36±3.08 cm; weight: 28.40±3.43 kg). The intervention program was conducted for nine weeks. Fundamental movement skills children were assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development-Third Edition and physical activity was measured using the ActiGraph GT9X Link accelerometer, while enjoyment was assessed using the physical education curriculum enjoyment scale. The results showed that the implementation of exergame was proven to improve fundamental movement skills, physical activity and enjoyment significantly, however there was no increase in the control group. This research is evidence that exergame is an effective tool to improve fundamental movement skills, physical activity and enjoyment in students during the COVID-19 era.


RESUMO As baixas habilidades fundamentais de movimento, atividade física e diversão dos alunos da era COVID-19 são lacunas neste estudo. Este estudo tem como objetivo examinar os efeitos do exergame nas habilidades fundamentais de movimento, atividade física e diversão em alunos inativos durante a era COVID-19. Pesquisa quantitativa com métodos experimentais foi utilizada neste estudo. Havia 26 crianças alocadas no grupo exergame (n = 13; idade: 7,20 ± 1,30 anos; altura: 1,38 ± 2,38 cm; peso: 31,60 ± 4,50 kg e um grupo controle n = 13; idade: 7,40 ± 1,14 anos; altura : 1,36 ± 3,08 cm; peso: 28,40 ± 3,43 kg). O programa de intervenção durou nove semanas. As crianças com habilidades fundamentais de movimento foram avaliadas usando Test of Gross Motor Development-Third Edition e a atividade física foi medida usando o acelerômetro ActiGraph GT9X Link, enquanto o prazer foi avaliado usando a escala de prazer do currículo de educação física. Os resultados mostraram que a implementação do exergame demonstrou melhorar significativamente as habilidades fundamentais de movimento, atividade física e prazer. No entanto, não houve aumento no grupo controle. Esta pesquisa é uma evidência de que o exergame é uma ferramenta eficaz para melhorar as habilidades fundamentais de movimento, atividade física e diversão em alunos durante a era COVID-19.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Adolescent , Exercise , Pleasure , Pandemics , COVID-19/prevention & control , Exergaming/education , Motor Skills , Movement , Physical Education and Training/methods , Students , Health Programs and Plans , Education, Primary and Secondary , Mentoring/methods , Motor Activity
12.
J. Phys. Educ. (Maringá) ; 33: e3334, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1385998

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to find out the effect of varied plyometric training (land plyometric training, aqua plyometric training and weighted vest aqua-plyometric training) on anaerobic power of school athletes. A total of forty eight (n= 48) district level school athletes were randomly selected. All the subjects were divided into four equal groups: i) land plyometric training group (n=12), ii) aqua plyometric training group (n=12), iii) aqua-plyometric training with weighted vest group (n=12) and iv) control group (n=12). The varied plyometric training was intervened for fourteen weeks in the respective training groups. In the present study, anaerobic power was considered as the dependent variable, and it was measured by Margaria-Kalamen power test. To draw statistical inferences on anaerobic power among the groups in pre and post intervention conditions, ANCOVA was used, followed by Tukey's LSD post-hoc test. The significance of the means was tested at the 0.05 level. Different plyometric training groups improved significantly with respect to the control group in anaerobic power. Therefore, various plyometric training was found as an effective means for developing anaerobic power. A significant difference was also observed between the aqua-plyometric training with weighted vest group and land plyometric training group in anaerobic power. However, rest of the experimental groups didn't differ significantly. Aqua-plyometric training with weighted vest is a more effective training method than land plyometric training for improving the anaerobic power of the school athletes.


RESUMO O objetivo do presente estudo foi descobrir o efeito do treinamento pliométrico variado (treinamento pliométrico terrestre, treinamento aquapliométrico e treinamento aquapliométrico com colete ponderado) na potência anaeróbica de atletas escolares. Um total de quarenta e oito (n= 48) atletas escolares de nível distrital foram selecionados aleatoriamente. Todos os sujeitos foram divididos em quatro grupos iguais: i) grupo treinamento pliométrico terrestre (n=12), ii) grupo treinamento aquapliométrico (n=12), iii) grupo treinamento aquapliométrico com colete ponderado (n=12) e iv) grupo controle (n=12). O treino pliométrico variado foi intervencionado durante quatorze semanas nos respectivos grupos de treino. No presente estudo, a potência anaeróbia foi considerada como variável dependente e foi mensurada pelo teste de potência de Margaria-Kalamen. Para fazer inferências estatísticas sobre a potência anaeróbica entre os grupos nas condições pré e pós-intervenção, foi utilizada a ANCOVA, seguida do teste post-hoc de Tukey LSD. A significância das médias foi testada no nível 0,05. Diferentes grupos de treinamento pliométrico melhoraram significativamente em relação ao grupo controle na potência anaeróbica. Portanto, vários treinamentos pliométricos foram encontrados como um meio eficaz para o desenvolvimento da potência anaeróbica. Uma diferença significativa também foi observada entre o grupo de treinamento aquapliométrico com colete ponderado e o grupo de treinamento pliométrico terrestre na potência anaeróbica. No entanto, o resto dos grupos experimentais não diferiram significativamente. O treinamento aquapliométrico com colete ponderado é um método de treinamento mais eficaz do que o treinamento pliométrico terrestre para melhorar a potência anaeróbica dos atletas escolares.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adolescent , Athletes/education , Plyometric Exercise/methods , Physical Education and Training/methods , Exercise , Mentoring/methods , Water Sports/education , Endurance Training/methods
14.
Rev. medica electron ; 43(6): 1595-1605, dic. 2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1409691

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: una de las tareas más importantes que compete a los cuidadores, aunque a menudo desatendida, es el autocuidado. Inmersos en las tareas del cuidado, ellos subestiman la atención a los problemas que sufren como consecuencia de su actividad, por lo que es pertinente explorar su nivel de conocimientos sobre este tema. Objetivo: diseñar una propuesta de estrategia de capacitación para el autocuidado a familiares cuidadores de enfermos oncológicos. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo transversal en 25 familiares cuidadores de enfermos oncológicos, en el Policlínico Docente Carlos Verdugo del municipio Matanzas, en el período comprendido entre septiembre y diciembre de 2019. Se utilizaron métodos teóricos: analítico-sintético, inductivo-deductivo e histórico-lógico; y empíricos: Escala de Apreciación de Agencia de Autocuidado, cuestionario para evaluar conocimientos, y una revisión documental a las historias clínicas individuales e historias de salud familiares. Resultados: el 76 % de los familiares cuidadores asociados al cuidado de enfermos oncológicos poseen una capacidad global regular. En relación con las dimensiones bienestar personal, consumo suficiente de alimento, promoción del funcionamiento y desarrollo personal con resultados de regular, se constató la existencia de vacíos de conocimiento para satisfacer las necesidades relacionadas con el autocuidado. Conclusiones: se consideró la necesidad de diseñar una estrategia de capacitación, contentiva de aspectos específicos del autocuidado (AU).


ABSTRACT Introduction: one of the most important tasks competing to caregivers is self-care, although it is frequently neglected. Immersed in the tasks of care, they underestimate the attention to problems they suffer as a consequence of their activity, so it is pertinent to explore their level of knowledge on this matter. Objective: to design a proposal of training strategy for the self-care of relative taking care of cancer patients. Materials and methods: cross-sectional descriptive study in 25 relatives taking care of cancer patients in the Teaching Policlinic Carlos Verdugo, of Matanzas municipality, in the period between September and December 2019. The researchers used theoretical methods: the analytic-synthetic one, the inductive-deductive, and the historical-logical; and empiric methods: the Appraisal of Self-care Agency Scale, a questionnaire to assess knowledge, and a documental review to individual medical records and family health records. Results: 76 % of the family caregivers associated to the care of cancer patients have a regular global capacity. Regarding to personal well-being dimensions, sufficient food consumption, and personal functioning and development showed regular results. It was found the existence of knowledge gaps to satisfy the necessities related with self-care. Conclusions: the need of designing a training strategy contenting specific aspects of self-care was considered (AU).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Self Care/methods , Caregivers/psychology , Patients , Education, Nursing/methods , Mentoring/methods , Self-Neglect/psychology , Patient Care/methods
15.
Educ. med. super ; 35(1): e2037, ene.-mar. 2021. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1249731

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La publicación científica por parte de asesores de tesis constituye un pilar fundamental para la investigación. Objetivo: Evaluar la frecuencia de publicación científica en asesores de tesis de una Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional de Huancayo, Perú. Métodos: Estudio observacional-transversal, en el que se revisó, en el Consejo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación tecnológica del Perú, la hoja de vida de 31 docentes que fueron asesores de tesis entre 2008 y 2018. Además, se hizo la búsqueda de sus artículos a través de Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, Medline, Scielo y ORCID, para determinar las frecuencias y los porcentajes de dichas variables: si publicó al menos una vez y si alguna vez resultó autor corresponsal de un artículo de investigación. Resultados: El 45,2 por ciento de los docentes estaba inscrito y registró, al menos, un trabajo de investigación en el Consejo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación tecnológica del Perú. El 35,5 por ciento tuvo proyectos de investigación una vez en su vida, mientras que el 9,7 por ciento presentó calificación de conducta responsable en investigación y el 3,2 por ciento de investigador. Se determinó en la búsqueda bibliométrica la existencia de 56 artículos de los cuales: 64,3 por ciento eran artículos originales y 72,2 por ciento aparecieron en revistas nacionales. De los docentes que publicaron, el 58 por ciento coincidió con autores que publicaron un artículo y el 10 por ciento dio a conocer sus trabajos mediante Scopus/Medline en los últimos dos años. El 26 por ciento publicó alguna vez en su vida un artículo original; el 7 por ciento, un artículo original en Scielo o Scopus/Medline en los últimos 2 años; y, finalmente, como autor corresponsal, el 32 por ciento divulgó un artículo en su vida, el 16 por ciento un artículo original y el 3 por ciento en los dos últimos años del período de estudio. Conclusiones: La publicación científica por los asesores es muy baja; sola la mitad de ellos publicó, al menos una vez en su vida, un artículo científico(AU)


Introduction: Scientific publication by thesis advisors is a cornerstone of research. Objective: To assess the frequency of scientific publication corresponding to thesis advisors of a Medical School at the National University of Huancayo, Peru. Methods: Cross-sectional and observational study, in which the curriculum vitae of 31 teachers who were thesis advisors between 2008 and 2018 was reviewed by the National Council of Science, Technology and Technological Innovation of Peru. In addition, the search was carried out of his articles through Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, Medline, Scielo and ORCID, in view of determining the frequencies and percentages of the following variables: if the advisor published at least once and if that person was ever a corresponding author of a research article. Results: 45.2 percent of the professors were registered and their entries yielded at least one research work within the National Council of Science, Technology and Technological Innovation of Peru. 35.5 percent had research projects once in their life, while 9.7 percent presented a qualification of responsible conduct in research and 3.2 percent of researcher. Through bibliometric search, we determined the existence of 56 articles, of which 64.3 percent were original articles and 72.2 percent appeared in national journals. Of the professors who had publications, 58 percent coincided with authors who published an article and 10 percent made their work known through Scopus or Medline, within the last two years. 26 percent published an original article at some time in their life; 7 percent, an original article in Scielo or Scopus/Medline, within the last 2 years; and, finally, as corresponding author, 32 percent published an article in their entire lifetime: 16 percent published an original article and 3 percent did so in the last two years of the study period. Conclusions: Scientific publication by thesis advisors is very low. Only half of them have published, at least once in their lives, a scientific article(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Academic Dissertations as Topic , Mentoring/methods , Scholarly Communication , Peru , Schools, Medical , Cross-Sectional Studies , Observational Study
16.
J. Phys. Educ. (Maringá) ; 32: e3214, 2021. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1250173

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Resistance training protocols performed to muscle failure (MF) have been employed in an attempt to maximize activation and neuromuscular fatigue. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the surface electromyography amplitude (EMGRMS) and frequency (EMGFREQ) of the pectoralis major between protocols performed to MF and non muscle failure (NMF). Seven trained men performed three sets at 60% of a repetition maximum, with a 3 min rest period and a 6s repetition duration. MF protocol was performing with maximum number of repetitions in all sets, while in NMF protocol subjects performed 6 repetitions in 3 sets. For data analysis two two-way repeated measures ANOVAs (Protocol x Repetition) were used and when necessary, Bonferroni post hoc was performed. The EMGRMS was higher in the protocol MF compare to NMF, but there was no difference in EMGFREQ between protocols. Although there were no significant differences in the frequency domain between protocols, perform repetitions to MF was a determining factor to generate higher amplitude of the electromyography signal. Thus, perform repetitions to MF could be considered an effective strategy to increase muscle activation in trained individuals, however, with similar neuromuscular fatigue.


RESUMO Protocolos de treinamento realizados até a falha muscular (FM) têm sido realizados na tentativa de maximizar a ativação e a fadiga neuromuscular. Portanto, o objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a amplitude do sinal eletromiografico (EMGRMS) e a frequência (EMGFREQ) do peitoral maior entre os protocolos realizados até a FM e sem falha muscular (SFM). Sete homens treinados realizaram três séries com 60% de uma repetição máxima, com um período de descanso de 3 min e uma duração da repetição de 6s. O protocolo FM foi realizado com o número máximo de repetições em todas as séries, enquanto no protocolo SFM os indivíduos realizaram 6 repetições em 3 séries. Para análise dos dados, foram utilizadas duas ANOVAs two-way com medidas repetidas (Protocolo x Repetição) e, quando necessário, foi realizado o post hoc de Bonferroni. Como resultado, a EMGRMS foi maior no protocolo FM comparado ao SFM, mas não houve diferença na EMGFREQ entre os protocolos. Embora não houvesse diferenças significativas no domínio da frequência entre os protocolos, a realização de repetições até a FM foi um fator determinante para gerar maior amplitude do sinal eletromiográfico. Assim, a realização de repetições até a FM pode ser considerada uma estratégia eficaz para aumentar a ativação muscular em indivíduos treinados, porém com fadiga neuromuscular semelhante.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Pectoralis Muscles/physiology , Morbidity , Muscle Fatigue/physiology , Men , Supination/physiology , Range of Motion, Articular/physiology , Electromyography , Resistance Training/instrumentation , Mentoring/methods
17.
J. Phys. Educ. (Maringá) ; 32: e3219, 2021. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1250176

ABSTRACT

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar, na opinião de jogadoras de handebol, os métodos de ensino preferidos e as transferências entre os conceitos enfatizados em cada método e o jogo formal. Foram entrevistadas 17 jogadoras de handebol da categoria adulta de uma equipe municipal do Estado de São Paulo. Seus depoimentos foram analisados a partir do método do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. Os resultados mostraram que as jogadoras apresentam preferência por métodos de ensino ativo (como o situacional e o global-funcional), principalmente pelas questões que envolvem a complexidade do contexto do jogo. Em relação à transferência entre os métodos de ensino ativos e o jogo as jogadoras destacaram a demanda psicológica, as questões técnico-táticas, as semelhanças com o contexto do jogo e a necessidade de ajustar os comportamentos às demandas do jogo. Conclui-se que as jogadoras preferem treinamentos atrelados à dinâmica do jogo, com oposição, privilegiando situações que provoquem questionamentos sobre o jogo.


ABSTRACT The aim of this work was to identify, in handball players speeches', the preferred teaching approaches and the transfers between the concepts emphasized in each method and the formal game. Seventeen handball players of adult team (from the State of São Paulo) were interviewed. Their speeches were analyzed using the Collective Subject Discourse method. The results showed that female players prefer active teaching approaches (such as situational and through games), mainly because of the complexity of game context. About the transfer between the active teaching approaches and the formal game, players emphasized the psychological demand, the technical-tactical aspects, the similarities with game and the behaviors adjustment to game demands. It is concluded that players prefer training linked to game dynamics, with opposition, privileging situations that provoke questions about the game.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Play and Playthings , Teaching/education , Methods , Schools , Sports/education , Behavior , Mentoring/methods , Team Sports , Learning
18.
J. Phys. Educ. (Maringá) ; 32: e3211, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1250177

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT The present study aimed to check if there is an association between fitness performance variables and to analyze the variation of fitness levels between playing positions university soccer players. Twenty university soccer players were selected (20.95 ± 1.84 years; 71.60 ± 11.65 kg; 176.85 ± 7.28 m) divided into defenders, midfielders and attackers. Body composition was assessed in a cross-sectional analysis that correlated fat mass, lean mass and fat-free mass by DXA with the physical capacity tests. The main results of the present study revealed that both 10-m and 20-m accelerations had moderate-to-large correlations with agility tests across the playing positions, however these accelerations were largely inversely correlated with YoYo intermittent recovery test in defenders and largely positively in midfielders. The agility test was moderately correlated with YoYo intermittent recovery test across the different playing positions. In conclusion, there the acceleration and the agility had a positive association with the different positions of the soccer players.


RESUMO O objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar se existe associção entre as variáveis de desempenho físico e analisar a variação dos níveis de aptidão física entre as posições de jogador de futebol universitário. Foram selecionados 20 jogadores de futebol universitário (20,95 ± 1,84 anos; 71,60 ± 11,65 kg; 176,85 ± 7,28 m) divididos em zagueiros, meio-campistas e atacantes. Mensurou-se a composição corporal em uma análise transversal e correlacionou-se a massa gorda, massa magra e massa livre de gordura por meio do DXA com os testes de capacidade física. As principais evidências do presente estudo revelaram que as acelerações de 10 e 20 m tiveram correlações de moderada a grande com o teste de agilidade nas posições de jogo, porém essas acelerações foram inversamente correlacionadas com o teste de recuperação intermitente nos defensores e amplamente positiva nos meio-campistas. O teste de agilidade foi moderadamente correlacionado com o teste de recuperação intermitente YoYo nas diferentes posições de jogo. Em conclusão, a aceleração e a agilidade tiveram uma associação positiva com as diferentes posições dos jogadores de futebol.


Subject(s)
Humans , Soccer/physiology , Sports/education , Universities , Athletes/education , Body Composition/physiology , Outflow Velocity Measurement , Physical Fitness/physiology , Cross-Sectional Studies/methods , Mentoring/methods , Physical Functional Performance , Acceleration
19.
Motriz (Online) ; 27: e1021013120, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1287371

ABSTRACT

Abstract Aims: To analyze the structuring elements of the defensive phase of beach handball based on the coaches' speeches. Methods: Five coaches of adult male and/or female teams that played the Beach Handball championship of Sao Paulo State were interviewed. For the analysis of the speeches, the Collective Subject Discourse method was used. Results: The defensive phase is structured from hierarchical aspects: numerical asymmetry (by the presence of the specialist player), defensive systems (influenced by the characteristics of the players of their own team and the opponents), and technical-tactical specific actions (defensive blocking, coverage, dissuading…). The numerical asymmetry and the defensive system are responsible for the choices of the technical-tactical actions. Conclusion: The defensive structuring elements are related in a hierarchical way, which provides a better understanding of beach handball by coaches and players.


Subject(s)
Humans , Sports/education , Athletes , Mentoring/methods , Team Sports
20.
Rev. bras. educ. méd ; 45(3): e170, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1288298

ABSTRACT

Abstract: Introduction: Throughout the SARS-COV-2 pandemic, schools had to adopt social distancing and remote learning, which, according to recent studies suggest an increase in depression, anxiety and behavioral disorders among university students. Medical training, which has a heavy load of psychological issues had to face this aggravating factor, reinforcing the need for support actions for students, such as mentoring programs. Mentoring programs offer empathetic and developmental support that encourages self-care, well-being and resilience. Experience report: A group of teacher-mentors from a medical school adapted the mentoring activities to a remote model, offering them to upper-level students who had already participated in mentoring, and, separately, to students who were newly enrolled in the medical course. In the remote format, the mentoring proposal was maintained as a "place of conversation", but on a digital platform. The technical follow-up was carried out by remote meetings of the group of teacher-mentors, and consultation with students through a self-administered online questionnaire. The data obtained were submitted to content analysis. Discussion: From March to December, 109 virtual mentoring meetings were held. The students considered the meetings satisfactory in terms of the quality of discussions, the mentors' attitudes and the emotional environment. The interactive development varied among groups, but it was observed to be easier in the groups of upper-level students. Among the newly-enrolled students, the recurring topic was the fear of poor performance in the tests, losing the semester, or not learning. Upper-level students highlighted the difficulties of adapting to remote learning and organizing their activities, and the decrease in practical activities. All groups reported fear of the pandemic, of death, of the worsening of parents' financial situation, and sadness about the loss of relatives to COVID-19. It drew the attention of the mentors the fact that the students, even in a welcoming space, kept the cameras turned off. Conclusion: For mentors and students, virtual mentoring worked as an important student support system. Upper-level students and first-year ones reported feeling cared for, supported and grateful, suggesting that the meetings allowed a good interaction and produced beneficial effects. A limitation of this study was the duration of the experiment. Therefore, it is recommended that the research be maintained.


Resumo: Introdução: Durante a pandemia de Sars-CoV-2, as escolas adotaram distanciamento social e atividades a distância que, segundo estudos recentes, sugerem o aumento de depressão, ansiedade e distúrbios de comportamento entre estudantes universitários. A formação médica que é marcada por forte estresse psicológico contou com esse agravante, reforçando a necessidade de ações de cuidado destinadas aos alunos, como os programas de mentoria. A mentoria de alunos oferece suporte empático e desenvolvimental que estimula autocuidado, bem-estar e resiliência. Relato de experiência: Um grupo de professores-mentores de uma escola médica adaptou atividades de mentoria para um modelo remoto dirigido aos alunos veteranos que já participavam da mentoria e separadamente aos estudantes recém-ingressos no curso médico. No formato remoto, manteve-se a proposta de mentoria como "lugar de conversa", mas em plataforma digital. O acompanhamento técnico da proposta se deu por meio de encontros remotos do grupo de mentores e de consulta aos alunos por meio de questionário autoaplicado on-line. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo. Discussão: De março a dezembro de 2020, realizaram-se 109 encontros de mentoria virtual. Os alunos consideraram satisfatórios os encontros remotos em termos de qualidade das discussões, atuação do mentor e ambiente emocional. A desenvoltura interativa variou entre grupos, mas foi facilitada nos grupos de veteranos. Entre os alunos ingressantes, o tema recorrente esteve atrelado ao sentimento de medo: de ter mau desempenho nas provas, de perder o semestre e de não aprender. Entre os veteranos, destacaram-se as dificuldades de adaptação ao ensino a distância e de organização diante do excesso de atividades, e a diminuição das atividades práticas. Todos os grupos relataram medo da pandemia, da morte e de a situação financeira dos pais piorar, além de tristeza em razão de perda de parentes pela Covid-19. Chamou a atenção dos mentores o fato de os alunos, mesmo em um espaço acolhedor, manterem fechadas as câmeras. Conclusão: Para os mentores e discentes, a mentoria virtual funcionou como importante suporte ao aluno. Veteranos e calouros relataram que se sentiam cuidados, fortalecidos e gratos, sugerindo que os encontros permitiram uma boa interação das pessoas e a produção de efeitos benéficos perceptíveis. Um limite deste estudo foi o tempo de experiência. Assim sendo, recomenda-se manter tal investigação.


Subject(s)
Humans , Students, Medical/psychology , Education, Distance , Education, Medical/methods , Mentoring/methods , Physical Distancing , COVID-19/psychology , Anxiety/psychology , Stress, Psychological/psychology , Depression/psychology
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL